@font-face{font-family:Identity;src:url('/assets/Pretendard-Regular.woff2');font-weight:400;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:Identity;src:url('/assets/Pretendard-ExtraBold.woff2');font-weight:800;font-display:swap}@font-face{font-family:IdentitySerif;src:url('/red-ant/creator/home-v4-fonts/NanumMyeongjo-Regular.woff2');font-weight:400;font-display:swap}
:root{color-scheme:dark;--paper:#000;--ink:#f2f1ec;--muted:#aaa9a3;--rule:#353535;--red:#e55145;--gutter:clamp(22px,4.2vw,76px)}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:30px}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:Identity,sans-serif;word-break:keep-all;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}button,input,textarea{font:inherit}a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:6px}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible,input:focus-visible,textarea:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--red);outline-offset:5px}p{line-height:1.85}h1,h2,h3,p{margin-top:0}h1,h2,h3{letter-spacing:-.055em;line-height:1.3;font-weight:800}h2{font-size:clamp(30px,3.6vw,52px)}h3{font-size:28px}.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}::selection{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper)}.identity-header,main,.identity-footer{width:100%;max-width:1600px;margin:auto;padding-left:var(--gutter);padding-right:var(--gutter)}.identity-header{min-height:92px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px}.identity-brand{font-weight:800;font-size:20px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:9px}.ant-mark{font-size:26px;color:var(--red)}.identity-brand>span:not(.ant-mark){font-size:12px;font-weight:400;color:var(--muted)}.identity-header nav{display:flex;gap:30px;font-size:14px}.identity-header nav a:last-child{margin-left:25px}.skip{position:fixed;top:-100px;left:20px;background:var(--ink);color:#000;padding:16px;z-index:20}.skip:focus{top:10px}.nameplate{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:18px}.nameplate-meta{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.nameplate h1{font-size:clamp(130px,27.8vw,420px);line-height:1.08;letter-spacing:-.082em;margin:5px 0 8px -0.055em;font-weight:800}.nameplate-bottom{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);padding:4px 0 25px}.nameplate-bottom p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;margin:0}.nameplate-bottom p:last-child{text-align:right}.nameplate-star{font-size:44px;line-height:1;color:var(--red)}.opening{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr;gap:7%;padding:65px 0 100px}.side-note{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.7}.opening-copy h2{font-size:clamp(29px,3.5vw,51px);margin-bottom:23px}.opening-copy>p{color:var(--muted);font-size:17px;margin-bottom:28px}.opening-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:28px}.solid-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:42px;background:var(--ink);color:#000;padding:17px 21px;font-size:14px;font-weight:800;min-height:54px}.solid-link:hover{background:white;text-decoration:none}.solid-link span{font-size:22px;line-height:1}.text-link{display:inline-block;font-size:14px;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:6px}.reading-desk,.record-desk{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr;gap:7%;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding:45px 0 100px}.desk-label h2{font-size:clamp(36px,4vw,60px);line-height:1.17;margin:32px 0 23px}.desk-label>p:not(.side-note){font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.8}.desk-label>.text-link{margin-top:22px}.featured-essay{padding:0 0 45px}.article-topic{display:block;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:22px}.featured-essay h3{font-family:IdentitySerif,serif;font-size:clamp(34px,4.3vw,64px);font-weight:400;line-height:1.45;letter-spacing:-.065em;margin-bottom:28px}.featured-essay a:hover{text-decoration:none}.featured-essay a:hover h3{color:#fff}.read-cue{font-size:13px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between}.read-cue>span{font-size:25px}.selected-row{border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}.selected-row>a{position:relative;display:block;padding:30px 45px 30px 0}.selected-row .article-topic{margin-bottom:14px}.selected-row h3{font-size:clamp(24px,2.8vw,40px);line-height:1.4;margin:0}.row-arrow{position:absolute;right:0;top:58px;font-size:28px;font-weight:400}.record-desk{padding-bottom:80px}.thread-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.thread-list li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}.thread-list a{display:block;padding:26px 0 30px}.thread-list li:first-child a{padding-top:0}.thread-list time{display:block;color:var(--muted);font-size:12px;margin-bottom:14px}.thread-list h3{font-size:clamp(23px,2.5vw,34px);line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:-.04em;margin-bottom:13px}.thread-list p{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.8;margin:0;max-width:680px;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.about-strip{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr;gap:7%;padding:60px 0 90px;border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}.about-statement{font-size:clamp(24px,3vw,42px);letter-spacing:-.05em;line-height:1.5}.about-strip>div>p:not(.about-statement){color:var(--muted);font-size:16px}.start-strip{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:50px;align-items:end;padding:65px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);margin-bottom:80px}.start-strip h2{margin:0}.start-strip>div>p{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:24px}.identity-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);padding-top:40px;padding-bottom:45px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 2fr auto;gap:35px;align-items:start}.footer-name{font-size:42px;letter-spacing:-.065em;font-weight:800}.identity-footer p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:18px}.identity-footer nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:22px;font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.back-top{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);padding-top:8px}.existing-feedback{padding:0 0 90px}.free-feedback{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:8%}.free-feedback h2{font-size:32px;max-width:390px}.free-feedback p{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);max-width:440px}.contact-form{display:grid;gap:13px;font-size:14px}.contact-form input:not([type=checkbox]),.contact-form textarea{font:inherit;color:var(--ink);background:#101010;border:1px solid #555;padding:15px;max-width:100%;width:100%;border-radius:0}.contact-form 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time{padding-top:8px}.identity-article{max-width:870px;padding-top:65px;padding-bottom:100px}.identity-article h1{font-size:clamp(35px,4.8vw,64px);line-height:1.35;margin-top:35px}.identity-article>p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}.identity-article .article-body{margin:65px 0;font-size:18px;line-height:1.95}.identity-article .article-body p{white-space:pre-line;margin-bottom:36px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.identity-article .source{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);padding-top:30px;border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}.identity-article .text-link{margin-top:30px}.original-heading,.original-index,.original-body{max-width:900px;margin:0 auto}.original-heading{padding-top:65px}.original-heading h1{font-size:clamp(38px,5vw,68px);line-height:1.35;margin:25px 0}.page-context,.original-meta,.original-index-intro{color:var(--muted);font-size:14px}.original-index-intro{font-size:17px;line-height:1.8}.original-index-jump{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:15px 24px;padding:25px 0 40px;font-size:14px}.original-group{padding:36px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}.original-group>h2{font-size:20px}.original-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.original-list li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}.original-list a{display:block;padding:25px 0}.original-list span{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.original-list h3{font-size:28px;margin:13px 0}.original-list p{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:0}.original-index{padding-bottom:100px}.original-body{font-size:18px;line-height:1.9;padding-top:35px;padding-bottom:90px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.original-body p{margin-bottom:25px}.original-body h2{font-size:30px;line-height:1.5;margin:55px 0 25px}.original-body h3{font-size:24px}.original-body a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:5px}.original-body ul,.original-body ol{padding-left:22px}.original-body li{margin:10px 0}.original-body blockquote{margin:35px 0;padding:15px 25px;border-left:2px solid var(--red);color:var(--muted)}.original-nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:25px;justify-content:space-between;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin-top:60px;padding-top:25px;font-size:13px}.original-nav a{max-width:30%}.original-related{padding:20px;border:1px solid var(--rule);font-size:14px}.original-related a{display:block;margin:10px 0}.original-body table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:14px}.original-body th,.original-body td{border:1px solid var(--rule);padding:12px;text-align:left}.original-diagram{border:1px solid var(--rule);padding:20px;font-size:15px}.original-diagram ul{list-style:none}.tree__node{display:block;border-left:2px solid var(--rule);padding:8px 12px}
@media(min-width:1100px){.desk-label{align-self:start;position:sticky;top:40px}}@media(max-width:760px){.identity-header{min-height:78px;gap:15px}.identity-brand{font-size:17px}.ant-mark{font-size:22px}.identity-header nav{gap:14px;font-size:12px}.identity-header nav a:last-child{margin-left:0}.identity-header nav a[href='/resources']{display:none}.nameplate-meta{font-size:10px;gap:20px}.nameplate-meta>span:last-child{max-width:110px;text-align:right}.nameplate h1{font-size:29.5vw;line-height:1.18;letter-spacing:-.08em;margin:10px 0 10px -.055em}.nameplate-bottom{padding-bottom:22px}.nameplate-bottom p{font-size:11px}.nameplate-star{font-size:32px}.opening{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px;padding:38px 0 65px}.opening>.side-note br{display:none}.side-note{font-size:12px}.opening-copy h2{font-size:31px;line-height:1.35}.opening-copy>p{font-size:15px}.desktop-only{display:none}.opening-actions{gap:22px}.solid-link{padding:16px 18px;gap:25px;font-size:13px}.text-link{font-size:13px}.reading-desk,.record-desk{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:35px;padding:30px 0 65px}.desk-label h2{font-size:36px;margin:20px 0 18px}.desk-label h2 br{display:none}.desk-label>p:not(.side-note){font-size:14px;display:inline}.desk-label>p:not(.side-note) br{display:none}.desk-label>.text-link{display:block;margin-top:20px}.featured-essay{padding-top:20px}.featured-essay h3{font-size:39px;line-height:1.5}.selected-row h3{font-size:27px}.article-topic{font-size:11px}.thread-list h3{font-size:24px}.thread-list p{font-size:14px}.about-strip{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px;padding:35px 0 60px}.about-statement{font-size:27px}.about-strip>div>p:not(.about-statement){font-size:14px}.start-strip{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px;padding:35px 0 45px;margin-bottom:55px}.start-strip h2{font-size:34px}.free-feedback{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:24px}.free-feedback h2{font-size:29px}.existing-feedback{padding-bottom:55px}.identity-footer{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:20px}.footer-name{font-size:36px}.identity-footer nav{gap:17px}.identity-index{padding-top:40px}.identity-index .thread-list a{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0;padding:25px 0}.identity-index .thread-list{margin-top:40px}.identity-article{padding-top:40px}.identity-article .article-body{font-size:17px;margin-top:45px}.original-heading{padding-top:35px}.original-heading h1{font-size:35px}.original-body{font-size:17px;padding-top:20px}.original-body h2{font-size:26px}.original-body table{display:block;overflow-x:auto}.original-list h3{font-size:25px}.original-nav{display:grid}.original-nav a{max-width:100%}.original-index-jump{gap:14px 19px;font-size:13px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}}
/* Original essays contain source images with intrinsic widths above mobile. */
.original-body img,.original-body video,.original-body svg,.original-body iframe{max-width:100%;height:auto}.original-body figure{margin:30px 0}.original-body figcaption{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}
.nameplate h1{font-size:clamp(130px,33vw,500px)}
@media(max-width:760px){.nameplate h1{font-size:35.7vw}}